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Compare Saint Kitts and Nevis (2001) - Spratly Islands (2008)

Compare Saint Kitts and Nevis (2001) z Spratly Islands (2008)

 Saint Kitts and Nevis (2001)Spratly Islands (2008)
 Saint Kitts and NevisSpratly Islands
Administrative divisions 14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capisterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capisterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point -
Age structure 0-14 years:
29.84% (male 5,909; female 5,654)

15-64 years:
61.37% (male 11,870; female 11,915)

65 years and over:
8.79% (male 1,406; female 2,002) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fish -
Airports 2 (2000 est.) 3 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Area total:
261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)

land:
261 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: less than 5 sq km


land: less than 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea
Area - comparative 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC NA
Background First settled by the British in 1623, the islands became an associated state with full internal autonomy in 1967. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved independence in 1983. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the two-thirds majority needed. The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef but has not made any formal claim.
Birth rate 18.78 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$64.1 million

expenditures:
$73.3 million, including capital expenditures of $10.4 million (1997 est.)		 -
Capital Basseterre -
Climate tropical tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November) tropical
Coastline 135 km 926 km
Constitution 19 September 1983 -
Country name conventional long form:
Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis

conventional short form:
Saint Kitts and Nevis

former:
Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Spratly Islands
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) -
Death rate 9.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $115.1 million (1998) -
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; the US Ambassador in Barbados is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis -
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Dr. Osbert W. LIBURD

chancery:
3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016

telephone:
[1] (202) 686-2636

FAX:
[1] (202) 686-5740		 -
Disputes - international none all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands but has not publicly claimed the reef; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," which has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct"; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands
Economic aid - recipient $5.5 million (1995) -
Economy - overview The economy has traditionally depended on the growing and processing of sugarcane; decreasing world prices have hurt the industry in recent years. Tourism, export-oriented manufacturing, and offshore banking activity have assumed larger roles. Most food is imported. The government has undertaken a program designed to revitalize the faltering sugar sector. It is also working to improve revenue collection in order to better fund social programs. In 1997 some leaders in Nevis were urging separation from Saint Kitts on the basis that Nevis was paying far more in taxes than it was receiving in government services, but the vote on cessation failed in August 1998. In late September 1998, Hurricane Georges caused approximately $445 million in damages and limited GDP growth for the year. Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored. There are no reliable estimates of potential reserves. Commercial exploitation has yet to be developed.
Electricity - consumption 83.7 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 90 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m		 lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups predominantly black some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese -
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) -
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Perlette LOUISY (since September 1997)

head of government:
Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general		 -
Exports $53.2 million (2000 est.) -
Exports - commodities machinery, food, electronics, beverages, tobacco -
Exports - partners US 68.5%, UK 22.3%, Caricom countries 5.5% (1995 est.) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white, five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, the lower triangle is red -
GDP purchasing power parity - $274 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
5.5%

industry:
22.5%

services:
72% (1996)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 5% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 17 20 N, 62 45 W 8 38 N, 111 55 E
Geography - note - strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs
Heliports - 3 (2007)
Highways total:
320 km

paved:
136 km

unpaved:
184 km (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe -
Imports $151.5 million (2000 est.) -
Imports - commodities machinery, manufactures, food, fuels -
Imports - partners US 42.4%, Caricom countries 17.2%, UK 11.3% (1995 est.) -
Independence 19 September 1983 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries sugar processing, tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages -
Infant mortality rate 16.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WTrO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 16 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km
Judicial branch Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Kitts and Nevis) -
Labor force 18,172 (June 1995) -
Labor force - by occupation NA -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
22%

permanent crops:
17%

permanent pastures:
3%

forests and woodland:
17%

other:
41% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages English -
Legal system based on English common law -
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3 appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member constituencies; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 6 March 2000 (next to be held by July 2005)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SKNLP 8, CCM 2, NRP 1		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
71.01 years

male:
68.22 years

female:
73.97 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
98% (1980 est.)		 -
Location Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Southeast Asia
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

territorial sea:
12 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM		 NA
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note - Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam
Military branches Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force, Coast Guard, Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Independence Day, 19 September (1983) -
Nationality noun:
Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s)

adjective:
Kittitian, Nevisian		 -
Natural hazards hurricanes (July to October) typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard
Natural resources arable land fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential
Net migration rate -10.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's Action Movement or PAM [Lindsey GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 38,756 (July 2001 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate -0.11% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Basseterre, Charlestown -
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 28,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
58 km

narrow gauge:
58 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts to serve sugarcane plantations (1995)		 -
Religions Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
good interisland and international connections

domestic:
interisland links to Antigua and Barbuda and Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) are handled by VHF/UHF/SHF radiotelephone

international:
international calls are carried by radiotelephone to Antigua and Barbuda and switched there to submarine cable or to Intelsat; or carried to Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) by radiotelephone and switched to Intelsat		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 17,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 205 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus three repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain volcanic with mountainous interiors flat
Total fertility rate 2.41 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate 4.5% (1997) -
Waterways none -
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